Abstract:
In this paper, I take as my starting point traditional study of word-formation, i.e. word pairs like sad – sadness, bake – baker, where the members are connected formally as well as semantically. Besides, there is a difference in complexity, based on which each pair is ordered, directional.
However, this traditional approach is changed in such a way that the analysis is based entirely on valency properties and semantic relationship is restricted to that of equivalence. So instead of analysing pairs like staryj (‘old’) – starik (‘old man’) I prefer equivalent pairs like staryj muščina (old + man) – starik.
The investigation is carried through not only on the word level, but also on the phrase and sentence levels, including (as in the example just given) pairs where the members belong to different levels.
Special attention is paid to pairs where the secondary member contains a copula, for example Mašinu vel Ivan (‘The car was driven by Ivan) – Voditelem mašiny byl Ivan (‘The driver of the car was Ivan’).