Streszczenie:
The subject of the present study was is the contexts containing the phenomenon of language game. The purpose of the article was is to reveal the specifics of the formation of diathesis in anomalous contextual conditions and to determine the causes that raise the transformation of the deep structure of the sentence. The following research methods in the work are used: descriptive method, method of component analysis, method of contextual analysis and modeling method. Based on the study we can name the following features of the formation of the passive voice in a language game: - to achieve the comic effect, anomalous castling is used not only by communicative ranks (diathetic shift), but also by semantic roles, with attention being paid to a participant whose rank has been lowered; - the progress of the peripheral participant to the rank of the subject is influenced by hidden grammatical categories (in particular predicate cryptotypes controllability / uncontrollability and the presence / absence of strong will): “loss of will” of the Agent is observed in connection with his or her intentional refusal to have control over the situation; - the change of semantic roles and communicative ranks can be the result of partitive shift (violation of relations in the "whole / part" correlation). In addition, transformations occur in connection with playing on the polysemy of lexical units, breaking the laws of syntagmatics and varying the derivational structure of words. The presented materials can be used in reading university courses and creating textbooks on modern Russian language (sections “Lexicology”, “Semantics”, “Syntax”), rhetoric, stylistics, speech culture and theory of linguistics for bachelors, masters, post-graduate students and philologists.
