Abstract:
The article analyzes errors in two Old-Russian Apostolos manuscripts: Apostolus
Christinopolitanus from the 12th century (an example of the commented type) and
Tolstovskiy Apostolus from the 14th century (an example of the continuous type). The
result of this research is new information about the reception of loan words, text
reinterpretation, the influence of antigraphs and comments, and the personality of
the Tolstovskiy scribe. The author corrects errors on both lexical and grammatical
levels. Some of the lexical errors are provoked by deformations in the Greek text
(homonym and paronym mixing). There are also various transformations of
appellatives to onyms, and vice versa. All of this might occur in the antigraph as
well as in the Tolstovskiy manuscript. Grammatical errors are fixed on the macroand
microlevels. There are cases of incorrect text segmentation within syntagms
and between paragraphs in the Tolstovskiy manuscript which take place owing
to the influence of the Praxapostolos and the commented type of Apostolos. Both
manuscripts are also influenced by comments. This is reflected in grammatical
and semantic alteration of the main text and, more rarely, in direct comments
included in the main text, although the latter is not supposed for the continuous
type to which the Tolstovskiy manuscript belongs. As for the chirographer of the
Tolstovskiy manuscript, his background could not be characterized by a high
level of literacy or by rich knowledge of the New Testament. He obviously did not
have any Greek copies or more correct Slavonic copies at his disposal.
