Неозначеність особи в польській мові

Abstract

The article deals with the means of expressing personal indefiniteness in two-member and mononuclear sentences in the Polish language. Indefinite-personal structures expressing the category of personal indefiniteness are considered; the shades of meaning of indefiniteness are described; synonymy of various types of simple sentences is analyzed. The indefinite-personal sentences are viewed as a means of representation of the specific third-person subject. A defining feature of the latter is obligatory belonging to the category of human beings and indefiniteness; the latter is determined by direct or indirect relation of the action to the multitude of subjects-persons. The types of the subject indefiniteness which correlate with the specificity of the denoted action and the speaker’s communicative goals are established. While two-member sentences presuppose the doer of the action (both human beings and inanimate objects), indefinite-personal structures realize only the meanings which are referred to human activities. This structure is a link between definite-personal and generalized-personal sentences.